#3 Li

Lithium Price

Strategic Metal

Lightest solid element. Underpins the entire EV and grid storage revolution — Li-ion batteries represent ~80% of demand. Extracted from hard-rock spodumene (AU) and brine evaporation (CL, AR). Price collapsed ~80% from 2022 peak ($80k/t LCE → ~$10k/t) amid oversupply.

Main trade forms
Li₂CO₃ (battery-grade), LiOH·H₂O, spodumene concentrate
Available from
AU, CL, CN, AR, BR
Purity range
99.0%–99.99%
Last update: 2026-03-15
2 records
Retail Reference
$6500/kg
Metal 99.9% (3N) · 10 g
Smart-Elements · AT · 2026-03-15
Retail Premium: 650.0×
Bulk Benchmark
$10/kg
Compound Li₂CO₃ 99.5% battery-grade
Fastmarkets / SMM · CIF · 2026-03-15

Applications

ApplicationRoleSignificance
Lithium-ion batteries Li2CO3 (LFP, NMC) and LiOH (high-Ni NMC, NCA) ~85% of Li demand. EV traction batteries, grid storage, consumer electronics. Demand-growth backbone of the entire Li market.
Glass & ceramics Li2CO3 flux in container glass, technical glass, ceramic glazes Lowers melting point and improves thermal-shock resistance; legacy demand declining as a share
Lubricating greases Lithium soap thickeners Standard automotive multi-purpose grease formulation
Aerospace alloys Al–Li alloys (e.g. AA2195, AA2050) Lighter, stiffer aluminium for aircraft fuselage and rocket structures (SpaceX, Airbus)
Pharmaceutical Lithium carbonate USP (psychiatric mood stabiliser) Bipolar disorder treatment; long-established drug class

Market & Supply

Global mine production ~240,000 t Li/year (LCE ~1.3 Mt) [3]
Top producers Australia (spodumene), Chile, China, Argentina
China refining share ~70%
Source split ~55% hard-rock spodumene / ~45% brine
Export control Not on MOFCOM list
Battery-grade Li2CO3 $8–$14/kg (CIF China, 2025)
Battery-grade LiOH $10–$16/kg
Spodumene 6% $700–$1,100/t (FOB)

Verified Offers

Lithium metal is rarely sold retail because of its reactivity — most listings are mineral-oil-sealed ampules or under-argon storage. The auto-rendered table shows tracked listings, predominantly small lab-grade quantities.

Date Form Purity USD/kg Seller Country
2026-03-15 Compound Li₂CO₃ 99.5% battery-grade $10 Fastmarkets / SMM \u2014
2026-03-15 Metal 99.9% (3N) $6500 Smart-Elements AT

Important Notes

Massive 2022–2024 price cycle Battery-grade Li2CO3 spiked from ~$6/kg in early 2021 to over $80/kg in late 2022, then collapsed below $10/kg by mid-2024 as Chinese cathode plants destocked. The cycle wiped out marginal high-cost producers and remade the sector cost curve.
Australian spodumene dominant Australia’s Greenbushes, Pilgangoora, and Mt Marion mines supply roughly 50% of global Li raw material. Australian concentrate is shipped to Chinese refineries for conversion to battery-grade Li2CO3/LiOH — the supply chain’s key chokepoint.
DLE technology emerging Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) projects in Argentina, Chile, and the US (Salton Sea geothermal) promise faster, more selective Li recovery from brines than conventional evaporation ponds. Commercial-scale validation is ongoing through 2026.
Physical Properties [1]
Z: 3 · Ar: 6.94 u · ρ: 0.534 g/cm3 · Tm: 180.5 °C · Tb: 1,342 °C
Crystal: bcc · Config: [He]2s1 · Ox. states: +1

References

  1. Wolfram Alpha, “Lithium element.” wolframalpha.com.
  2. Fastmarkets, “Battery-grade lithium carbonate and hydroxide assessments.” fastmarkets.com.
  3. United States Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025: Lithium, January 2025.